260ae977-85ee-4b78-88be-0d5b1f86a74c Baffaut, Claire claire.baffaut@usda.gov 2025-08-04T18:38:27.193Z ISO 19115:2003/19139 1.0 WGS 1984 Data from: Are historical trends in weather consistent with model predictions in the Central United States? 2025-08-04 10.15482/USDA.ADC/29640977 This dataset includes the monthly and daily data used for the analysis of historical and future trends in precipitation and temperature at five Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) sites: Kellogg Biological Station (KBS) in Michigan, Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB) in Iowa, Central Mississippi River Basin (CMRB) in Missouri, Southern Plains (SP) in Oklahoma, and Lower Mississippi River Basin (LMRB) in Mississippi. Historical data include the longest available record of daily precipitation, minimum temperature, and maximum temperature at weather stations from KBS, UMRB, CMRB, and LMRB, and the monthly 1895-2020 data from the National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration for the climate divisions that represent the five LTAR sites. Future data include 2020-2100 monthly predictions for the five sites from 26 Earth System Models and two Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP): the middle of the road SSP245 (a continuation of current emission rates and geo-political conditions), and the fossil fueled development scenario SSP 585 (intensification of fossil fuel energy sources and corresponding emissions). In addition, the data includes the trends calculated from historical and future data, snippets of R code used to calculate these trends, and README files that detail the content of each file.Trends in records of 50 years or more showed that temperatures have changed from 1900-2020, more for minimum (0.1 - 0.3 ℃ decade-1) than maximum (-0.1 - 0.2 ℃ decade-1), more for winter (-0.1 - 0.3 ℃ decade-1) than summer (-0.1 - 0.1 ℃ decade-1), and more often in the north than in the south. Except in Mississippi, annual precipitation has increased at rates of 25 mm decade-1 or greater over 1950-2020, but monthly trends were inconsistent. Projected trends suggest continued temperature increases, highlighting the need for research on management systems that are resilient to such increases. This data set accompanies the article published in the Journal of Environmental Quality. It provides the individual station data, and the climate division historical and future data for five LTAR sites. These data were used to calculate trends in climate indicators across several periods. Snippets or R code are given to allow one to replicate the calculations. The data sets can be used whenever long-term monthly or daily precipitation and temperature data are needed. Baffaut, Claire claire.baffaut@usda.gov Phil Robertson http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9771-9895 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ORCID ORCID Hsun-Yi Hsieh SARAH GOSLEE http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5939-3297 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ORCID ORCID Ken M. Wacha http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7035-1071 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ORCID ORCID Lindsey Witthaus Robert W. Malone daniel moriasi Megan Metz Claire Baffaut http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7840-1953 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link ORCID ORCID climate atmospheric precipitation Mississippi Oklahoma Missouri Iowa watersheds Mississippi River Michigan Long-Term Agroecosystem Research Network temperature prediction models National Agricultural Library Thesaurus (NALT) USDA NAL Keywords 2015 2021 Edition USDA National Agricultural Library * National Agricultural Library Thesaurus (NALT) Coordinator 10301 Baltimore Ave Beltsville, MD 20705 United States of America agref@usda.gov https://agclass.nal.usda.gov/ HTTP Web Browser USDA National Agricultural Library Thesaurus and Glossary Home Page The Thesaurus and Glossary are online vocabulary tools of agricultural terms in English and Spanish and are cooperatively produced by the National Agricultural Library, USDA, and the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture as well as other Latin American agricultural institutions belonging to the Agriculture Information and Documentation Service of the Americas (SIDALC). A controlled vocabulary of keywords to classify dataset records in Ag Data Commons Department of Agriculture=5 > Agricultural Research Service=005:018 OMB Bureau Codes Office of Management and Budget Bureau Codes 2016 revision 2016 OMB Bureau Codes https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/a11_current_year/app_c.pdf HTTP Web Browser APPENDIX C—LISTING OF OMB AGENCY/BUREAU AND TREASURY CODES In the MAX system, OMB assigns and uses agency and bureau codes, which are associated with agency and bureau titles that are published in the Budget.PDF file. information Resource Provider Complete list of bureau codes Department of Agriculture=5 > National Research=005:040 Federal Program Inventory US Federal Program Codes 2013-09-16 revision Fiscal Year 2013 Office of Management and Budget https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb HTTP Web Browser Office of Management and Budget The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) serves the President of the United States in overseeing the implementation of his vision across the Executive Branch. Specifically, OMB’s mission is to assist the President in meeting his policy, budget, management and regulatory objectives and to fulfill the agency’s statutory responsibilities. information Originator Office of Management and budget. File FederalProgramInventory_FY13_MachineReadable_091613.xls, current loation unknown. USDA-ARS: 8070-21600-001-000-D USDA-ARS: 3070-13000-015 USDA-ARS:6060-13660-009-00D USDA-ARS: 6060-13000-029-000D USDA-ARS: 5030-13000-012-000D USDA-ARS: 5070-12000-001-000D Michigan State University AgBioResearch NSF Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2224712) at the Kellogg Biological Station USDA Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) Program USDA Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) - Watershed Studies Program Crossref Funding Crossref Open Funder Registry 2016-08-11 1.2 Crossref funder.registry@crossref.org https://www.crossref.org/services/funder-registry/ HTTP Web Browser Open Funder Registry Funding data provides a standard way to report funding sources for published scholarly research. Publishers deposit funding information from articles and other content using a standard taxonomy of funder names. A common taxonomy of over 11,000 funding body names that funding data initiative participants should use to normalize Funder Names and IDs. CC0 License Type Public Domain Creative Commons License Type 2016 Creative Commons * Creative Commons contact (415) 429-6753 PO Box 1866 Mountain View CA 94042 United States of America info@creativecommons.org https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ HTTP Web Browser Creative Commons Licenses The Creative Commons copyright licenses and tools forge a balance inside the traditional “all rights reserved” setting that copyright law creates. Our tools give everyone from individual creators to large companies and institutions a simple, standardized way to grant copyright permissions to their creative work. The combination of our tools and our users is a vast and growing digital commons, a pool of content that can be copied, distributed, edited, remixed, and built upon, all within the boundaries of copyright law. Creative Commons and other open licenses recognized by the United States federal government. Please choose from U.S. Public Domain, Creative Commons CCZero, Creative Commons Attribution, or Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike. CMIP 6 dataset LTAR temperature precipitation Trend Analysis Background Data climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere 1895-01-01 2100-01-01 -93.80 -85.40 33.45 42.40 ZIP 1 XLSX 1 TXT 1 https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/29640977 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Data files Data files for Data from: Are historical trends in weather consistent with model predictions in the Central United States?