ffdb6728-e2bd-486f-832e-0b461f4e890b Millhouser, Paul paul.millhouser@usda.gov 2024-09-27T17:11:48.693279Z ISO 19115:2003/19139 1.0 WGS 1984 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map Mean Annual Extreme Low Temperature Rasters 2024-06-24 10.15482/USDA.ADC/25343293.v1 These rasters provide the local mean annual extreme low temperature from 1991 to 2020 in an 800m x 800m grid covering the USA (including Puerto Rico) based on interpolation of data from more than a thousand weather stations. Each location's Plant Hardiness Zone is calculated based on classifying that temperature into 5 degree bands.The classified rasters are then used to create print and interactive maps. Temperature station data for the 2023 edition of the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (PHZM) came from many different sources. In the eastern and central United States, Puerto Rico, and Hawaii, data came primarily from weather stations of the National Weather Service and several state networks. In the western United States and Alaska, data from stations maintained by USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA Forest Service, U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Bureau of Reclamation, and DOI Bureau of Land Management also helped to better define hardiness zones in mountainous areas. Environment Canada provided data from Canadian stations, and data from Mexican stations came from the Mexico National Weather Service and the Global Historical Climate Network. The USDA PHZM was produced with PRISM, a highly sophisticated climate mapping technology developed at Oregon State University. The map was produced from a digital computer grid, with each cell measuring about a half mile on a side. PRISM estimated the mean annual extreme minimum temperature for each grid cell (or pixel on the map) by examining data from nearby stations; determining how the temperature changed with elevation; and accounting for possible coastal effects, temperature inversions, and the type of topography (ridge top, hill slope, or valley bottom). Information on PRISM can be obtained from the PRISM Climate Group website https://prism.oregonstate.edu. Once a draft of the map was completed, it was reviewed by a team of climatologists, agricultural meteorologists, and horticultural experts. If the zone for an area appeared anomalous to these expert reviewers, experts doublechecked the draft maps for errors or biases. A detailed explanation of the mapmaking process and a discussion of the horticultural applications of the 2012 PHZM (similar to 2023) are available from the articles listed below. Daly, C., M.P. Widrlechner, M.D. Halbleib, J.I. Smith, and W.P. Gibson. 2012. Development of a new USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map for the United States. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 51: 242-264.Widrlechner, M.P., C. Daly, M. Keller, and K. Kaplan. 2012. Horticultural Applications of a Newly Revised USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map. HortTechnology, 22: 6-19. The USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map that is derived from this dataset is intended as a guide to assist gardeners, farmers, and nurseries in determining what perennial plants are likely to survive extreme cold winter temperatures in a particular area. Millhouser, Paul paul.millhouser@usda.gov USDA/ARS horticulture climatology meteorological data cold tolerance temperature gardens climate weather National Agricultural Library Thesaurus (NALT) USDA NAL Keywords 2015 publication 2021 Edition USDA National Agricultural Library * National Agricultural Library Thesaurus (NALT) Coordinator 10301 Baltimore Ave Beltsville, MD 20705 United States of America agref@usda.gov https://agclass.nal.usda.gov/ HTTP Web Browser USDA National Agricultural Library Thesaurus and Glossary Home Page The Thesaurus and Glossary are online vocabulary tools of agricultural terms in English and Spanish and are cooperatively produced by the National Agricultural Library, USDA, and the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture as well as other Latin American agricultural institutions belonging to the Agriculture Information and Documentation Service of the Americas (SIDALC). information A controlled vocabulary of keywords to classify dataset records in Ag Data Commons Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences Environmental sciences Earth sciences > Atmospheric sciences > Meteorology Earth sciences > Atmospheric sciences Earth sciences > Climate change science > Climatology Fields of Research (FoR) Classification FoR Classification 2020-06-30 creation 1.3.6 Figshare https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Fields_of_Research_FoR_Classification/10305443 HTTP Web Browser Fields of Research (FoR) Classification The 2008 ANZSRC FoR classification allows R&D activity to be categorised according to the field of research. In this respect, it is the methodology used in the R&D that is being considered. information Resource Provider Department of Agriculture=5 > Agricultural Research Service=005:018 OMB Bureau Codes Office of Management and Budget Bureau Codes 2016 revision 2016 OMB Bureau Codes https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/a11_current_year/app_c.pdf HTTP Web Browser APPENDIX C—LISTING OF OMB AGENCY/BUREAU AND TREASURY CODES In the MAX system, OMB assigns and uses agency and bureau codes, which are associated with agency and bureau titles that are published in the Budget.PDF file. information Resource Provider Complete list of bureau codes Department of Agriculture=5 > National Research=005:040 Federal Program Inventory US Federal Program Codes 2013-09-16 revision Fiscal Year 2013 Office of Management and Budget https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb HTTP Web Browser Office of Management and Budget The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) serves the President of the United States in overseeing the implementation of his vision across the Executive Branch. Specifically, OMB’s mission is to assist the President in meeting his policy, budget, management and regulatory objectives and to fulfill the agency’s statutory responsibilities. information Originator Office of Management and budget. File FederalProgramInventory_FY13_MachineReadable_091613.xls, current loation unknown. CC BY 4.0 License Type Public Domain Creative Commons License Type 2016 publication Creative Commons * Creative Commons contact (415) 429-6753 PO Box 1866 Mountain View CA 94042 United States of America info@creativecommons.org https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ HTTP Web Browser Creative Commons Licenses The Creative Commons copyright licenses and tools forge a balance inside the traditional “all rights reserved” setting that copyright law creates. Our tools give everyone from individual creators to large companies and institutions a simple, standardized way to grant copyright permissions to their creative work. The combination of our tools and our users is a vast and growing digital commons, a pool of content that can be copied, distributed, edited, remixed, and built upon, all within the boundaries of copyright law. information Creative Commons and other open licenses recognized by the United States federal government. Please choose from U.S. Public Domain, Creative Commons CCZero, Creative Commons Attribution, or Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike. garden perennial climate low temperature weather plant hardiness climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere environment 1991-01-01 2020-12-31 -129.2414 -69.8139 23.8882 50.6735 -169.4838 -129.00 52.1825 71.5491 -67.7604 -65.00 17.8708 18.9174 -180.8554 -152.6473 17.2549 29.7108 XML 1 TFW 1 TIF 1 CPG 1 DBF 1 OVR 1 TXT 1 https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/25343293.v1 WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link Data files Data files for 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map Mean Annual Extreme Low Temperature Rasters